POCKET英语语法 31-34

这是崔荣容老师的POCKET英语语法的学习笔记。 31-34课，讲解的是被动语态。这几天有些忙，更新的比较慢，8月8日晚上总算更新完了被动语态。

第31课 被动语态的构成和含义

  1. 如果主语是动作的承受者，则用动词的被动语态作谓语。

  2. 被动语态的构成形式是 Be + 动词的过去分词 + by sb.

    • He is taken to USA by his mother. 他被他妈妈带到了美国。

  3. 被动语态有各种时态。

    1. The information is needed by US. 单三的变化。
    2. The book was being read by him. 过去进行时的被动语态
    3. The computer has been used by her. 完成时的被动语态。
    4. The room will be cleaned. 将来时。
    5. Computer could have been used by them. 电脑可能被他们已经用过了。

  4. 练习

    1. The information is needen.
    2. The book was read. 过去时
    3. The door has been opend. 过去分词， 完成时
    4. The book was being read. 过去进行时
    5. The computer has been used. 过去完成时
    6. The computer could has been used.
    7. The room will be cleaned. 将来时

第32课 被动语态和情态动词结合

  1. 被动语态可以和情态动词结合，情态动词放到被动语态的前面。情态动词 + be + 动词过去分词。 need + doing / to + 动词过去分词 表示"需要被怎么样..."。

  2. 和情态动词相结合。

    1. The food could be taken away. 可以被带走
    2. The food might be taken away. 能够被带走
    3. The food must be taken away. 必须被带走
    4. The food should be taken away. 应该被带走
    5. The food needs taking away. 需要被带走
    6. The food had better be taken away. 最好被带走
    7. Book used to be returned in two days. 常常在两天内被还回去。

  3. 练习

    1. The room may be cleaned.
    2. The door must be locked.
    3. The house should be furnished.
    4. The tree had better be watered now.

第33课 被动语态3

  • 动作的行为者不分明，或不重要，或上下文中提到了行为者时，“by + 行为者”可以省略。

    1. The information is needed.
    2. The book is being read.
    3. The door was opened.

  • 练习

    1. The door is opend. 门被打开了。 一般过去时。
    2. The book is being read. 正读着。 进行时
    3. The computer has been used. 已经被用了。 完成时
    4. The pencil had been sharpened. 已经被削尖了。 完成时

第34课 被动语态的疑问句

  • 被动语态的一般疑问句： 助动词 + 主语 + 其他动词 + 动词过去分词

    1. Is the information needed by him? -yes,it is./ no,it isn't.
    2. Has the computer been used by her? -yes,it has./no it hasn't
    3. Will the room be cleaned? -yes,it will./ no, it won't.

  • 被动语态的特殊疑问句： 疑问词 + 助动词 + 主语 + 其他助动词 + 动词过去分词

    1. The information is needed by them.- what is need by them?
    2. The girl is taken to ShangHai. - where is the girl taken?
    3. The book has been read three times. - how many times has the book been read?

  • 练习

    1. Is the book being read by her? 他正在读那本书吗？
    2. Has the computer benn used by them? 他们用过那太电脑么？
    3. How often is the English class taken? 英语课多长时间上一次？