这是崔荣容老师的POCKET英语语法的学习笔记。 42-45课，讲解的是假设。8月13日更新。

第42课 假设 只单纯的表示条件

  1. 条件状语从句，用 if 引导的条件状语从句为现在时，通常译作“如果.....”。

    • If you get up early, you will catch up with train.

  2. If 引导的条件状语，可以放在句首，也可以放在句尾。

    1. If you ask him, he will help you.
    2. She will be upset if you fail the exam.

  3. 练习

    1. If he runs, he will get there in time.
    2. The cat will scratch you, if you pull her tail or scrathes.

第43课 假设 与现在时是相反的虚拟语气

  1. IF 从句是一种虚拟的条件或者假设，和现在事实相反，主从句时态具体如下

    • 从句： 动词过去式 （Be 用 were）

    • 主句： Would/ could/ should/ might + 动词原形

      1. If I were you, I would join you.
      2. She would come with you, if you invited her.

  2. 练习

    1. If I knew his telphone number, I would tell you.
    2. If I had any money with me, I would lend you.
    3. If I were you, I would take an umbrella.

第44课 假设 与过去时是相反的虚拟语气

  1. If 从句是一种虚拟的条件或假设，和过去时是相反的，主从句的时态如下

    • 从句： had + 动词过去分词

    • 主句： Would/ could/ should/ might + have + 动词过去分词

      1. If I had got there earlier, I should have met her.
      2. If he had taken my advice, he would not have made such a mistake.

  2. 练习

    1. If he had studied harder, he might have passed the exam.
    2. If there had been a heavy snow. We should not have gone skating.
    3. If I had got there earlier, I would have met her.

第45课 假设 wish/ as if + 过去时/ 过去完成时

  1. wish 后面的译为“希望...就好了”，是不可能实现的假设。

    • 与现在事实是相反的愿望。

      • I wish I were as tall as you. 一般过去时

    • 与过去事实相反的愿望。

      • He wished he hadn't said that. 过去完成时

    • 将来不太可能实现的愿望。

      • I wished it would rain tomorrow.

  2. as if 翻译为 “看起来好像...”

    • 表示与现在事实相反， 一般过去时

      • You look as if you didn't care.

    • 表示与过去事实相反， 过去完成时

      • He talks about Rome as if he had been there before.
    • 表示与将来事实是相反，

  3. 练习

    1. I wish I were as tall as you.
    2. He talks as if he knew where she was.
    3. I wish it would rain tomorrow.